When preparing for the HSK exam, mastering daily conversational phrases is crucial. One commonly used phrase is "What are you doing?" which can be expressed in several ways depending on the context and level of formality. This article will guide you through various ways to ask this question in Chinese, enhancing your vocabulary and grammar skills for the HSK.
1. 你在做什么？ (Nǐ zài zuò shénme?)
This is the most straightforward and commonly used way to ask "What are you doing?" in Chinese. It's suitable for most everyday situations.
- 你 (nǐ) - you
- 在 (zài) - indicating an ongoing action
- 做 (zuò) - to do
- 什么 (shénme) - what
2. 你在干嘛？ (Nǐ zài gàn ma?)
This phrase is more casual and often used among friends and peers. It carries the same meaning as "你在做什么？"
- 干 (gàn) - to do (colloquial)
- 嘛 (ma) - a modal particle used for emphasis in questions
3. 你在忙什么？ (Nǐ zài máng shénme?)
Use this expression when you want to ask someone what they are busy with. It implies that the person is currently engaged in some activity.
- 忙 (máng) - busy
4. 你在弄什么？ (Nǐ zài nòng shénme?)
This is another informal way to ask "What are you doing?" and can imply curiosity about someone's activity.
- 弄 (nòng) - to do, to make, to get
5. 你在干什么呢？ (Nǐ zài gàn shénme ne?)
The addition of 呢 (ne) at the end of this phrase makes it sound more inquisitive and can add a tone of interest or concern.
Key Grammar Points
Use of "在" (zài) for Ongoing Actions
In all the examples above, 在 (zài) is used to indicate that an action is currently in progress. This structure is essential for HSK learners to express ongoing activities.
Modal Particles
Modal particles like 呢 (ne) and 嘛 (ma) add nuances to the questions, making them sound more natural and fluent. These particles are frequently tested in HSK exams, especially at higher levels.
Vocabulary
Familiarize yourself with verbs like 做 (zuò), 干 (gàn), 忙 (máng), and 弄 (nòng), as they are commonly used in daily conversations and are likely to appear in HSK vocabulary lists.